Please note that not all cases of disease or outbreaks are reported; some outbreaks may only be reported if they occur outside of the usual recognised risk area or season, or they have been reported in greater than usual numbers. See 'About Outbreaks' tab below for further detail.

For further information on red, amber and green alert categories, see About Outbreaks tab.

18 September 2026
Germany + Frankfurt

Malaria in Germany

On 17 September 2026, one fatal case of malaria was reported in Schwanheim district, Frankfurt, Germany. The case was one of two cases of malaria, resident in the Schwanheim district. The case was believed to have been infected by a mosquito introduced from an endemic area by aircraft to Frankfurt Airport and neither worked at the airport or had recent travel history. The latest infections and death brings the total to eight infections and three fatal cases. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on malaria.

1
Take usual precautions
16 September 2026
Liberia + Bong
Grand Bassa
Nimba

Lassa fever in Liberia

As of 30 August 2026, 33 cases (11 deaths) of Lassa fever have been reported since the start of the year. The outbreak remains active in Bong, Grand Bassa and Nimba counties. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on Lassa fever.

6
Take usual precautions
16 September 2026
USA + New York

Legionnaires' disease in USA

As of 15 September 2026, 12 confirmed cases of Legionnaires' disease, including one death have been reported in a community cluster in Melrose and Morrisania neighbourhoods of South Bronx, New York City.

3
Take usual precautions
16 September 2026

Usutu virus in Italy

As of 9 September 2026, a total of 12 Usutu virus cases have been reported in six regions of Italy during 2026. Of these, seven have been reported in Lombardy, and one case has been reported in each of Emilia-Romagna, Veneto, Marche, Lazio and Piedmont.

3
Take usual precautions
15 September 2026

Lassa fever in Sierra Leone

The World Health Organisation reported that on 3 March 2026, a 36-year-old pregnant woman died in Bonthe District, Sierra Leone, after testing positive for Lassa fever. The last Lassa fever outbreak in Sierra Leone was reported in February 2025. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on Lassa fever.

Take usual precautions
15 September 2026

Mpox in Ireland

As of 28 August 2026, a total of 24 clade Ib mpox cases have been reported in Ireland since January 2024. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on mpox.

Take extra precautions
14 September 2026

West Nile virus in Italy

As of 10 September 2026, a total of 590 locally acquired human cases of West Nile virus have been reported in Italy during 2026. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on West Nile virus.

4
Take usual precautions
14 September 2026

West Nile virus in Greece

As of 10 September 2026, a total of 319 locally acquired human cases (of which nine had an unknown place of infection) of West Nile virus have been reported in Greece during 2026. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on West Nile virus.

2
Take usual precautions
11 September 2026

West Nile virus in Spain

As of 10 September 2026, 104 cases of locally acquired West Nile virus have been reported in Spain, in five areas. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on West Nile virus.

2
Take usual precautions
10 September 2026
Italy + Rome

Chikungunya in Italy

As of 4 September 2026, the first locally acquired case of chikungunya for 2026 has been confirmed in the municipality of Rome in Italy. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on chikungunya.

Take usual precautions

NaTHNaC regularly review and update information on disease outbreaks and other health issues that may affect the UK traveller. You can search the information by disease or by country in our Outbreak Surveillance section.

The information comes from a wide variety of sources and can be used along with the Country Information section of our website where you will find recommendations on vaccines, malaria and other risks for each country (where relevant).

Please note that not all cases of disease or outbreaks are reported. In some countries, there may be limited surveillance and reporting processes in place so information can be difficult to obtain. Some diseases may only be reported if they occur outside of the usual recognised risk area or season, or they have been reported in greater than usual numbers. Outbreaks of those diseases included in the UK childhood vaccination programme are not usually reported unless the outbreak is unusual or unexpected.

The information presented in the disease surveillance reports is collated from a variety of sources, including government bodies, international organisations and the media. The verification status of each report is clearly indicated. Verified reports are confirmed by official sources. Some unverified reports are included to ensure timely dissemination of information and where possible we will try to substantiate these reports, although confirmation may not always be possible. Unverified reports may be subject to change, misreporting and may later prove to be unsubstantiated. They should not therefore be regarded as official.

Where available, a web link is provided to the original information source. We cannot accept responsibility for the sites to which it links, or for the information found on those sites. Linking to outside sites does not in any way imply endorsement of these sites. If you wish to use the following content for official purposes, please refer to the original sources of information.

Key to NaTHNaC alert level feature

LEVEL 1: GREEN
Take usual precautions
Follow standard protective measures, as recommended for this destination, disease or situation. Be aware that advice may change and check for updates.
LEVEL 2: AMBER
Take extra precautions
Follow any additional precautions recommended. Be alert and check regularly for changes in advice about this ongoing situation. Advice may be relevant for all travellers or apply to a specific group of travellers.
LEVEL 3: RED
FCDO advise against travel
The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) advise against travel on health grounds. This may mean avoiding non-essential travel, or all travel, follow the FCDO advice for details. Please note we do not report on FCDO safety and security alerts. Travellers should check the FCDO travel advisories for their destination for this information.

Alert categories are based on the situation at the time of publication. They will not be routinely updated unless outbreak information or a news item is updated.