Please note that not all cases of disease or outbreaks are reported; some outbreaks may only be reported if they occur outside of the usual recognised risk area or season, or they have been reported in greater than usual numbers. See 'About Outbreaks' tab below for further detail.

For further information on red, amber and green alert categories, see About Outbreaks tab.

06 October 2026

West Nile virus in Hungary

In 2026, up to 30 September, five locally acquired human cases of West Nile virus were reported in Hungary, in four areas. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on West Nile virus.

Take usual precautions
06 October 2026

West Nile virus in Serbia

In 2026, up to 30 September, 53 locally acquired human cases of West Nile virus have been reported in Serbia, in 10 areas. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on West Nile virus.

Take usual precautions
30 September 2026
Nigeria + Bauchi
Borno
Kano
Katsina
Sokoto

Diphtheria in Nigeria

Between 1 January and 23 August 2026, a total of 16,997 cases of diphtheria and 596 deaths have been reported. Most cases have been reported from Kano, Bauchi, Katsina, Borno and Sokoto states. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on diphtheria.

Take usual precautions
25 September 2026

West Nile virus in Kosovo

In 2026, up to 23 September, two locally acquired human cases of West Nile virus have been reported in Kosovo, in two areas. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on West Nile virus.

Take usual precautions
25 September 2026

West Nile virus in North Macedonia

In 2026, up to 23 September, 69 locally acquired human cases of West Nile virus have been reported in North Macedonia, in five areas. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on West Nile virus.

Take usual precautions
25 September 2026
Germany + Berlin
Leipzig
Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis

West Nile virus in Germany

In 2026, up to 23 September, four locally acquired human cases of West Nile virus have been reported in Germany. Cases have been reported from Berlin, Leipzig Kreisfreie Stadt and Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on West Nile virus.

Take usual precautions
Outbreak updates (latest first)
Rhineland-Palatinate

On 29 July 2026, the first locally acquired human case of West Nile virus (WNV) was reported in Germany in 2026. This is the first ever locally acquired case of WNV in Rhineland-Palatinate. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on West Nile virus.

Source: State
25 September 2026
Netherlands + North Brabant
Overijssel
South Holland
Utrecht
North Holland
Gelderland

West Nile virus in Netherlands

In 2026, up to 23 September, 44 cases of West Nile virus, including 5 deaths, have been reported in the Netherlands. Cases have been reported from South Holland, Utrecht, North Holland, North Brabant, Gelderland and Overijssel provinces. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on West Nile virus.

Take usual precautions
Outbreak updates (latest first)

As of 10 September 2026, a total of 18 locally acquired West Nile virus cases, with three deaths, have now been confirmed in the Netherlands for 2026. These infections occurred in North Brabant, North Holland, South Holland, Utrecht, Overijssel and Gelderland provinces. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on West Nile virus.

Source: State
North BrabantSouth HollandUtrechtNorth Holland

As of 2 September 2026, a total of nine locally acquired West Nile virus cases have now been confirmed in the Netherlands for 2026. These infections occurred in North Brabant, North Holland, South Holland and Utrecht provinces. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on West Nile virus.

Source: State
Utrecht

As of 17 August 2026, a locally acquired West Nile virus infection was confirmed in a blood donor in the Netherlands. Laboratory testing detected the virus in a donor in Utrecht with no recent travel abroad and who remains well. Locally acquired human West Nile virus infection was last reported in the Netherlands in 2020. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on West Nile virus.

Source: State
23 September 2026
USA + Massachusetts
Minnesota
New York
Pennsylvania

Hepatitis A in USA

As of 17 September 2026, 37 cases of hepatitis A have been reported from four states: Massachusetts, Minnesota, New York and Pennsylvania. Cases are associated with consumption of raw/undercooked shellfish imported from Ecuador. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on hepatitis A.

Take usual precautions
21 September 2026
USA + Florida

Chikungunya in USA

Between 6 and 12 September 2026, one case of locally acquired chikungunya was reported in Florida, USA. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on chikungunya.

Take usual precautions
Outbreak updates (latest first)
Florida

As of 17 January 2026, one confirmed case of chikungunya has been reported from Florida in 2026. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on chikungunya.

Source: State
New York

On 14 October 2025, the New York State Department of Health reported a locally acquired case of chikungunya in Nassau County on Long Island. This is the first locally acquired case ever reported in New York State and the first contracted in the USA since 2019. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on chikunungya.

Source: State
18 September 2026

Chikungunya in Hong Kong

On 17 September 2026, a locally acquired case of chikungunya was reported. This is the first locally acquired case of chikungunya in Hong Kong in 2026. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on chikungunya.

Take usual precautions

NaTHNaC regularly review and update information on disease outbreaks and other health issues that may affect the UK traveller. You can search the information by disease or by country in our Outbreak Surveillance section.

The information comes from a wide variety of sources and can be used along with the Country Information section of our website where you will find recommendations on vaccines, malaria and other risks for each country (where relevant).

Please note that not all cases of disease or outbreaks are reported. In some countries, there may be limited surveillance and reporting processes in place so information can be difficult to obtain. Some diseases may only be reported if they occur outside of the usual recognised risk area or season, or they have been reported in greater than usual numbers. Outbreaks of those diseases included in the UK childhood vaccination programme are not usually reported unless the outbreak is unusual or unexpected.

The information presented in the disease surveillance reports is collated from a variety of sources, including government bodies, international organisations and the media. The verification status of each report is clearly indicated. Verified reports are confirmed by official sources. Some unverified reports are included to ensure timely dissemination of information and where possible we will try to substantiate these reports, although confirmation may not always be possible. Unverified reports may be subject to change, misreporting and may later prove to be unsubstantiated. They should not therefore be regarded as official.

Where available, a web link is provided to the original information source. We cannot accept responsibility for the sites to which it links, or for the information found on those sites. Linking to outside sites does not in any way imply endorsement of these sites. If you wish to use the following content for official purposes, please refer to the original sources of information.

Key to NaTHNaC alert level feature

LEVEL 1: GREEN
Take usual precautions
Follow standard protective measures, as recommended for this destination, disease or situation. Be aware that advice may change and check for updates.
LEVEL 2: AMBER
Take extra precautions
Follow any additional precautions recommended. Be alert and check regularly for changes in advice about this ongoing situation. Advice may be relevant for all travellers or apply to a specific group of travellers.
LEVEL 3: RED
FCDO advise against travel
The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) advise against travel on health grounds. This may mean avoiding non-essential travel, or all travel, follow the FCDO advice for details. Please note we do not report on FCDO safety and security alerts. Travellers should check the FCDO travel advisories for their destination for this information.

Alert categories are based on the situation at the time of publication. They will not be routinely updated unless outbreak information or a news item is updated.