Please note that not all cases of disease or outbreaks are reported; some outbreaks may only be reported if they occur outside of the usual recognised risk area or season, or they have been reported in greater than usual numbers. See 'About Outbreaks' tab below for further detail.
For further information on red, amber and green alert categories, see About Outbreaks tab.
Mpox in Italy
As of 24 October 2025, four confirmed cases of clade Ib mpox have been reported from Italy. Of these cases, one had no history of recent travel and is the first locally acquried case of mpox clade Ib reported from Italy. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on mpox.
West Nile virus in Germany
As of 22 October 2025, a locally acquired human case of West Nile virus (WNV) has been reported in Aschaffenburg, Bavaria. This is only the second case ever reported in Bavaria, the first being a vet in 2018. In the years 2019 to 2024 between four and 35 locally acquired cases of WNV are reported in Germany, the majority from eastern Germany. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on West Nile virus.
Oropouche virus disease in Panama
As of 22 October 2025, a total of 613 confirmed cases of Oropouche virus disease (OROV) have been reported across seven regions in Panama during 2025. Darién and Panamá Este (East Panama) have been most severely affected but cases have also been identified in Panamá Metro, Los Santos, Herrera, Panamá Norte, Veraguas, Panamá Oeste and Coclé. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on Oropouche virus disease.
Hepatitis A in Czechia
As of 22 October 2025, a total of 2,141 confirmed cases of hepatis A (HAV) have been reported by the Czech National Institute for Public Health. 26 death have been recorded, including 10 from Prague. This represents a large increase on the 676 confirmed cases (two deaths) reported during 2024. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on hepatitis A.
Methanol poisoning in Colombia
As of 7 October 2025, a total of 89 cases of methanol poisoning have been reported in Colombia. An outbreak was reported in the city of Barranquilla, with additional cases in other departments. Please see the FCDO guidance on methanol poisoning for further details.
Pernambuco
Rio Grande do Sul
São Paulo
Methanol poisoning in Brazil
On 20 October 2025, a total of 47 confirmed cases of methanol poisoning, with nine confirmed deaths, have been reported in Brazil for 2025. São Paulo state reported the highest number, with 38 confirmed cases and 19 under investigation. Confirmed cases have also been reported in Paraná (5), Pernambuco (3) and Rio Grande do Sul (1) states. Investigations are ongoing into suspected cases in Bahia, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Piauí, Rio de Janeiro and Tocantins states. Please see the FCDO guidance on methanol poisoning for further details.
Mpox in DRC
As of 12 October 2025, a total of 33,656 mpox cases with 73 deaths have been reported in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Clades Ia, Ib and II have been reported. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on mpox.
Mpox in Burundi
As of 12 October 2025, a total of 4,495 clade Ib mpox cases, with one death, have been reported in Burundi since 2024. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on mpox.
Dengue in Cook Islands
As of 15 October 2025, a total of 174 dengue cases have been reported on the Cook Islands since February 2025. DENV-1 and DENV-2 are reported to be co-circulating. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on dengue.
Dengue in Tuvalu
As of 19 October 2025, a total of 782 dengue cases (with 230 confirmed) have been reported in Tuvalu since June 2025. The cases are widely distributed along Fongafale, Amatuku and three outer islands, Nanumaga (nine cases) Nukufetau (14 cases) and Vaitupu (one case). The outbreak is due to DENV-2. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on dengue.
NaTHNaC regularly review and update information on disease outbreaks and other health issues that may affect the UK traveller. You can search the information by disease or by country in our Outbreak Surveillance section.
The information comes from a wide variety of sources and can be used along with the Country Information section of our website where you will find recommendations on vaccines, malaria and other risks for each country (where relevant).
Please note that not all cases of disease or outbreaks are reported. In some countries, there may be limited surveillance and reporting processes in place so information can be difficult to obtain. Some diseases may only be reported if they occur outside of the usual recognised risk area or season, or they have been reported in greater than usual numbers. Outbreaks of those diseases included in the UK childhood vaccination programme are not usually reported unless the outbreak is unusual or unexpected.
The information presented in the disease surveillance reports is collated from a variety of sources, including government bodies, international organisations and the media. The verification status of each report is clearly indicated. Verified reports are confirmed by official sources. Some unverified reports are included to ensure timely dissemination of information and where possible we will try to substantiate these reports, although confirmation may not always be possible. Unverified reports may be subject to change, misreporting and may later prove to be unsubstantiated. They should not therefore be regarded as official.
Where available, a web link is provided to the original information source. We cannot accept responsibility for the sites to which it links, or for the information found on those sites. Linking to outside sites does not in any way imply endorsement of these sites. If you wish to use the following content for official purposes, please refer to the original sources of information.
Key to NaTHNaC alert level feature
LEVEL 1: GREEN |
Take usual precautions
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Follow standard protective measures, as recommended for this destination, disease or situation. Be aware that advice may change and check for updates. |
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LEVEL 2: AMBER |
Take extra precautions
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Follow any additional precautions recommended. Be alert and check regularly for changes in advice about this ongoing situation. Advice may be relevant for all travellers or apply to a specific group of travellers. |
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LEVEL 3: RED |
FCDO advise against travel
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The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) advise against travel on health grounds. This may mean avoiding non-essential travel, or all travel, follow the FCDO advice for details. Please note we do not report on FCDO safety and security alerts. Travellers should check the FCDO travel advisories for their destination for this information. |
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Alert categories are based on the situation at the time of publication. They will not be routinely updated unless outbreak information or a news item is updated.
