Please note that not all cases of disease or outbreaks are reported; some outbreaks may only be reported if they occur outside of the usual recognised risk area or season, or they have been reported in greater than usual numbers. See 'About Outbreaks' tab below for further detail.
For further information on red, amber and green alert categories, see About Outbreaks tab.
Rift Valley fever in Senegal
As of 30 November 2025, Senegal's Ministry of Health reported 529 confirmed human cases of Rift Valley Fever (RVF), including 31 deaths. The majority of cases have been reported in Saint-Louis Region. Cases have also been reported in Louga, Matam, Fatick, Dakar, Kaolack, Thies, Tambacounda, Kedougou, Kaffrine, and Kolda regions. Please see UKHSA guidance on Rift Valley fever for further details.
Dengue in Afghanistan
As of 8 November 2025, a total of 4,384 suspected dengue fever cases have been reported from six provinces (Nangarhar, Laghman, Kunar, Kabul, Ghazni, and Paktya) since the beginning of the year. A steep rise in cases has been noted since the end of October with the eastern province of Nangarhar being most affected. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on dengue.
Dengue in Montserrat
As of 25 November 2025, a total of two confirmed dengue cases have been reported in Montserrat for 2025. These cases reported no history of recent travel, suggesting dengue was locally acquired. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on dengue.
Influenza A(H1N2)v in USA
During the week ending 15 November 2025, the US Centres for Disease Control and Prevention reported a confirmed human case of swine influenza A(H1N2)v in an adult in the state of Vermont. An investigation was unable to determine whether the individual had exposure to swine or other animals, or whether the patient's close contacts exhibited any illness. No human-to-human transmission has been identified associated with this case. This is the second case of this specific variant influenza subtype reported in the US for 2025.
Influenza A(H5N5) in USA
On 21 November 2025, local health authorities in Washington State, USA, reported a fatal, laboratory-confirmed avian influenza A(H5N5) infection in an older adult with underlying health conditions, who had contact with backyard domestic birds. This is the first human infection with this variant reported worldwide and the result was confirmed by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on avian influenza.
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in Namibia
On 22 November 2025, a fatal case of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) was reported in Khomas Region, Namibia. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever.
Nairobi County
Migori
Cholera in Kenya
As of 17 November 2025, a total of 236 cholera cases, with six deaths, have been reported since the beginning of October 2025. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on cholera.
Zika in Argentina
As of 1 November 2025, a total of 720 cases of Zika virus disease have been reported in Argentina during 2025. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on Zika.
Zika in Brazil
As of 1 November 2025, a total of 22,831 cases of Zika virus disease have been reported in Brazil for 2025. Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on Zika.
Emilia-Romagna
Veneto
Basilicata
Chikungunya in Italy
As of 4 November 2025, a total of 374 locally acquired chikungunya cases have been identified in four regions of Italy in 2025: Emilia-Romagna, Veneto, Tuscany, and Basilicata. The largest outbreak (316 confirmed cases) is located primarily in the province of Modena (Emilia-Romagna). Please see our Topics in Brief article for further details on chikungunya.
NaTHNaC regularly review and update information on disease outbreaks and other health issues that may affect the UK traveller. You can search the information by disease or by country in our Outbreak Surveillance section.
The information comes from a wide variety of sources and can be used along with the Country Information section of our website where you will find recommendations on vaccines, malaria and other risks for each country (where relevant).
Please note that not all cases of disease or outbreaks are reported. In some countries, there may be limited surveillance and reporting processes in place so information can be difficult to obtain. Some diseases may only be reported if they occur outside of the usual recognised risk area or season, or they have been reported in greater than usual numbers. Outbreaks of those diseases included in the UK childhood vaccination programme are not usually reported unless the outbreak is unusual or unexpected.
The information presented in the disease surveillance reports is collated from a variety of sources, including government bodies, international organisations and the media. The verification status of each report is clearly indicated. Verified reports are confirmed by official sources. Some unverified reports are included to ensure timely dissemination of information and where possible we will try to substantiate these reports, although confirmation may not always be possible. Unverified reports may be subject to change, misreporting and may later prove to be unsubstantiated. They should not therefore be regarded as official.
Where available, a web link is provided to the original information source. We cannot accept responsibility for the sites to which it links, or for the information found on those sites. Linking to outside sites does not in any way imply endorsement of these sites. If you wish to use the following content for official purposes, please refer to the original sources of information.
Key to NaTHNaC alert level feature
LEVEL 1: GREEN |
Take usual precautions
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Follow standard protective measures, as recommended for this destination, disease or situation. Be aware that advice may change and check for updates. |
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LEVEL 2: AMBER |
Take extra precautions
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Follow any additional precautions recommended. Be alert and check regularly for changes in advice about this ongoing situation. Advice may be relevant for all travellers or apply to a specific group of travellers. |
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LEVEL 3: RED |
FCDO advise against travel
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The Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) advise against travel on health grounds. This may mean avoiding non-essential travel, or all travel, follow the FCDO advice for details. Please note we do not report on FCDO safety and security alerts. Travellers should check the FCDO travel advisories for their destination for this information. |
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Alert categories are based on the situation at the time of publication. They will not be routinely updated unless outbreak information or a news item is updated.
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